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Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.The pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.Improvement of market stability: the entry of long-term funds into the market will help reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and improve market stability, which is of positive significance to the healthy development of the capital market.

The introduction of index funds provides more diversified investment options for individual pension investors. The first batch of 85 index funds cover broad-based index, dividend index and other categories, including Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index, CSI A500 Index, Growth Enterprise Market Index, etc. These index funds have clear investment styles and low rates, which can meet the needs of investors with different risk preferences. According to market analysis, broad-based index funds can reflect the overall performance of the market, while dividend strategy index funds focus on listed companies with high dividend ratio, providing a stable source of income for pension investment.Improve market efficiency: the transparency and low rate of index funds help to improve market efficiency, reduce transaction costs and increase investor participation.2.4 Optimization of capital market structure

Guide long-term funds to enter the market: Personal pension is a long-term fund, and its investment in index funds will help guide more long-term funds to enter the capital market and enhance market stability.Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.2.2 diversification of investment style